Complex organic chemistry experiments often take days or weeks to conduct in a laboratory, but not anymore. Oliviero Andreussi, assistant professor of physics, has created a virtual organic chemistry laboratory inside a supercomputer to conduct these same experiments in a matter of minutes.
By using computational chemistry, the UNT assistant professor will begin cycling through scientific databases listing thousands of organic molecules to determine the various effects of different compounds on the production or suppression of natural gas hydrates.
“Natural gas hydrates are crystalline structures made of gas molecules trapped in a cage of water molecules,” Andreussi says. “The increase and decrease of the production of these natural gas hydrates could be used to do everything from preventing undersea oil pipeline breaks to storing greenhouse gases.”
Natural gas hydrates form in deep-sea sediments in cold conditions and under pressure, the same environment found in undersea oil pipelines. In these pipelines, natural gas hydrates will slowly build up over time creating back pressure that will cause the pipe to crack or burst.
“A large and continuing release of oil into a body of water can be an environmental and economic disaster,” Andreussi says. “If we can add an organic compound that will slow or stop the production of gas hydrates, we can keep the pipelines intact and help protect the oceans.”
Andreussi says there are other environmental applications as well. By increasing natural gas hydrates production, these crystalline structures could, one day, be used to store various gasses.
“Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse cases could be removed from the atmosphere and captured in gas hydrates,” he says. “Once in a solid phase, the gasses could be stored or buried. The sooner we find the molecules we need, the sooner scientists can develop other new and exciting applications.”